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2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

16. Models of Arithmetic and Independence Results

verfasst von : David Marker

Erschienen in: An Invitation to Mathematical Logic

Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland

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Abstract

The Paris–Harrington variant of Ramsey’s Theorem is proved independent of Peano Arithmetic by model theoretic methods. As a warm-up, we give model theoretic arguments bounding the growth rates of provably total computable functions in weak fragments of arithmetic. We conclude with a brief survey of some of the core results on models of arithmetic.

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Fußnoten
1
In Exercise 8.​46 we looked at even weaker theory where we only allow induction for quantifier-free formulas and showed that that theory is too weak to prove that \(\sqrt {2}\) is irrational.
 
2
Parikh’s original proof was proof theoretic. This model theoretic argument seems to be folklore.
 
3
Indeed, we have not ruled out the possibility that there is a nonstandard \(\mathcal {M}\models \mathrm {I}\Delta _0\) with \(p\in M\) a nonstandard prime such that \(\mathcal {M}/(p)\) is an algebraically closed field. If we weaken the axioms to allow only induction over quantifier-free formulas this is possible [61].
 
4
Semiregular cuts are an analog of regular cardinals in set theory.
 
5
p is an example of a definable type, i.e., for any formula \(\phi (v,w)\) there is a formula \(d\phi (w)\) such that \(\phi (x,a)\in p\) if and only if \(\mathcal {M}\models d\phi (a)\). Here the formula \(d\phi (w)\) is
$$\displaystyle \begin{aligned} \exists u\forall v>u\ (v\in S_{i+1}\rightarrow \phi(v,w)),\end{aligned}$$
where \(\phi =\phi _i\). Definable types play a major role in modern model theory but were first introduced in this context by Gaifman.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Models of Arithmetic and Independence Results
verfasst von
David Marker
Copyright-Jahr
2024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55368-4_16

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