1 Introduction
2 Governing Equations of the Numerical Model
2.1 Equations for Binder Hydration
2.2 Thermal Equations
2.3 Hydraulic Equations
2.4 Mechanical Equations
3 Validation of the Developed Model
Field case 1 | Field case 2 | |
---|---|---|
Initial CPB temperature | 29 °C | 25 °C |
Environment temperature | 29 °C | 25 °C |
Density of CPB | 2050 kg/m3 | 1900 kg/m3 |
Density of concrete | 2500 kg/m3 | 2263 kg/m3 |
Young’s modulus of concrete | 30 GPa | 30 GPa |
Poisson’s ratio of concrete | 0.2 | 0.2 |
qmax | 2.19 W/kg | 2.19 W/kg |
β1 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
β2 | 0.667 | 0.667 |
β3 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
α0 | 0 | 0 |
τ | 0.6 h | 0.6 h |
λ | 30 | 30 |
X | − 8.173 | − 8.173 |
Y | 4.035 | 4.035 |
A | 1.31 | 1.31 |
B | 7.54 | 7.54 |
f1-f5 | − 0.2, − 15,000, 7, − 11, 0.7 | − 0.2, − 15,000, 7, − 11, 0.7 |
n | 2.2 | 2.2 |
Mechanical module for the barricade | ||
Top surface | Fixed | Fixed |
Lateral sides (contact with rock) | Roller | Roller |
Lateral sides (contact with CPB) | Free | Free |
Lateral sides (contact with air) | Free | Free |
Bottom side | Fixed | Fixed |
Volume force | Gravity | Gravity |
3.1 Field Case 1
3.1.1 Overview of the Stope Conditions
Field case 1 | Field case 2 | |
---|---|---|
Binder content (%) | 8.5 (0–8 m) | 4 (0–6 m) |
6.5 (8–15 m) | 2 (6–32 m) | |
Filling rate (cm/h) | 23 | 50 |
Filling strategy | Continuous fill | Continuous fill |
Barricade size (m) | 5.6 (height) 0.3 (thickness) 8.5 (extent) | 5.8 (height) 0.3 (thickness) |