Investigation of Potential Antioxidative Effects of CaO Nanoparticles On Bean Seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

It is known that some nano-sized structures obtained by developing nanotechnology have properties that promote plant growth. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possible effects of treatment with CaO nanoparticles (NPs) on antioxidant activities of seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cvs. ‘Edanaz’ and ‘Gizem’. CaO NPs were obtained by the green synthesis method using fresh walnut shell extract, which is a waste material, and the crystal and morphological structure of CaO NPs was characterized by using some methods such as SEM, XRD, and FTIR. Antioxidant properties in seeds of bean cultivars (BC) treated with 5, 10, 50, 100, and 150 ppm CaO NPs (Cu²⁺, Cu⁺) Reduction Method (CUPRAC), Iron (Fe³⁺) Ion Reducing Antioxidant Power Determination, Iron Ions (Fe²⁺) Chelation and the effects of 2,2-diphenyl 1‑picryl hydroxyl (DPPH^● Free Radical Removal Activity) and some antioxidative enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase (PPO), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT)) were determined and it was observed that the antioxidant activities were activated significantly compared to the control. In addition, sections taken from bean cultivars were stained with Rhodamine B to give fluorescence character and confocal images were compared in each of them compared to the control. Again, the structural effects of CaO NPs on bean cultivars were investigated histologically. When the results were compared to the control ‘Edanaz’ and ‘Gizem’ groups, it was determined that CaO NPs accumulated more in the cells of seeds of BC at increasing concentrations.