Characterization of Laminated Safety Glass Interlayers

Thermorheology, Crystallinity and Viscoelasticity

verfasst von: Miriam Schuster

Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

Buchreihe : Mechanik, Werkstoffe und Konstruktion im Bauwesen

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

Laminated safety glass enables the safe construction of transparent structures. The mechanical behaviour depends on the polymeric interlayer both in the intact and in the post fracture state. In the present work, the mechanical behaviour of ethylene vinyl acetate-based (EVA) and ionoplastic interlayers is investigated for the intact laminated safety glass condition. In particular, the influence of the semi-crystalline structure on the stiffness behaviour is studied with X-Ray Diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Dynamic-Mechanical-Thermal-Analysis. The studies on the mechanical behaviour of the interlayer in the fractured laminated safety glass were carried out with polyvinyl butyral-based (PVB) interlayers. First, the temperature and frequency (time) dependent linearity limits are determined in Dynamic-Mechanical-Thermal-Analyses, second, the nonlinear viscoelastic material behaviour is investigated with tensile relaxation tests at different temperatures and strain levels.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction

Zusammenfassung

Due to its high transparency, glass has become increasingly popular as a structural element in the building industry in recent years. Figure 1.1 shows three impressive glass constructions. The Oriental Pearl Tower from Shanghai in Figure 1.1 a) offers visitors an observation deck with a glass floor at a height of 259 m, providing a view of the streets of Shanghai and of the Huangpu Jiang river below. Figure 1.1 b) and c) show the cylindrical entrance to the Apple Store and the staircase leading from the entrance to the actual store in Pudong, Shanghai.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 2. Theoretical background

Zusammenfassung

In the following, all the fundamentals required to achieve the objectives of the thesis are presented. First, the intra- and intermolecular structure of polymers in general and their thermo-mechanical behaviour are presented. Based on this, the investigated interlayer materials PVB, EVA and ionoplast are assigned to polymer classes.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 3. General description of the experimental methods

Zusammenfassung

This chapter first provides an overview of the materials studied. Subsequently, the general mode of operation, evaluation methodology and the specific experimental setup of the various experimental methods applied are presented. Finally, an overview table is provided showing which experiments were carried out on which materials.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 4. Investigation of the semicrystalline structure of EVA and ionoplastic interlayers

Zusammenfassung

This chapter refers to the materials SG, cEVA and EVA. According to theory (chapter 2.1.5), those materials exhibit partially crystalline regions. The aim of the following investigations is to verify the crystalline regions experimentally and to determine the initial degree of crystallization.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 5. Identification of time-superposition principles for EVA and ionoplastic interlayers

Zusammenfassung

This chapter refers to the materials SG and cEVA. In contrast to the previous chapter, non-crosslinked EVA is not investigated.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 6. Determination of the linear viscoelastic behaviour and linearity limits for PVB

Zusammenfassung

This chapter refers to standard and structural PVB. The Prony series and a time-temperature shift principle are determined based on chapter 2.3.1, chapter 2.4.1 and chapter 3. For PVB-based interlayers, this already corresponds to the state of the art, which is why the results are only shown briefly.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 7. Characterization of the nonlinear viscoelastic behaviour of PVB

Zusammenfassung

This chapter refers to standard and structural PVB. The relaxation behaviour at large deformations, well within the nonlinear viscoelastic range, is investigated. All the experiments in this chapter were also carried out with acoustic PVB.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 8. Application to engineering practice

Zusammenfassung

Glass design in intact condition considering shear coupling through the interlayer requires shear modulus values. The following chapter will describe the experimental determination of the shear modulus values as a function of different interlayer types, with a special focus on semicrystalline materials. An approach to dealing with semicrystalline interlayers is also given with regard to the laminated glass design.

Miriam Schuster

Chapter 9. Summary and outlook

Zusammenfassung

The present work deals with the mechanical characterization of different laminated glass interlayers. Three materials were considered: polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA resp. cEVA) and SentryGlas^® (SG).

Miriam Schuster

Backmatter

Titel: Characterization of Laminated Safety Glass Interlayers
verfasst von: Miriam Schuster
Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-658-39821-7
Print ISBN: 978-3-658-39820-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-39821-7